Neurosurgery is a highly specialized branch of surgery focused on diagnosing and treating disorders of the brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves, and cerebrovascular system. Neurosurgeons use advanced techniques and cutting-edge technology to address conditions ranging from trauma and tumors to degenerative diseases and congenital abnormalities.
Scope of Neurosurgery
Neurosurgery covers a broad spectrum of conditions affecting the nervous system, including:
1. Brain Disorders
- Brain Tumors: Both benign and malignant tumors.
- Traumatic Brain Injuries (TBI): Emergency care for head injuries.
- Cerebrovascular Disorders:
- Aneurysms
- Arteriovenous Malformations (AVMs)
- Stroke intervention (e.g., thrombectomy).
- Hydrocephalus: Managing excess cerebrospinal fluid in the brain.
- Epilepsy Surgery: For patients with drug-resistant epilepsy.
2. Spinal Disorders
- Degenerative Spine Conditions:
- Herniated discs
- Spinal stenosis
- Spinal Tumors: Primary or metastatic.
- Spinal Trauma: Fractures or dislocations requiring stabilization.
- Congenital Spine Disorders: Such as spina bifida.
- Scoliosis and Kyphosis: Corrective surgeries for spinal deformities.
3. Peripheral Nerve Disorders
- Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
- Ulnar Nerve Compression
- Peripheral Nerve Tumors
4. Functional Neurosurgery
- Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS): For Parkinson’s disease, dystonia, and essential tremors.
- Pain Management: Procedures like cordotomy or rhizotomy.
5. Pediatric Neurosurgery
- Congenital anomalies such as craniosynostosis.
- Pediatric brain and spinal tumors.